From 2004 till 2008, US manufacturing (as measured by the NAPM PMI) has been weak, before diving in 2008. Since then it has rebounded and fallen into a range of 50 – 57, steady if not robust expansion. In China, manufacturing was flourishing pre 2008, after which it declined steadily from over 55 to below

Every time a politician says that an election is not a game, there is a clear risk that democracy takes a step back. So on April 8, when Theresa May called a snap UK election for June 8, and said that it was not a game, one should be concerned. But this is not the

China builds bridges while America builds walls. Both strategies are individually compatible. The danger arises when experts appraise each country’s strengths and weaknesses in the context of conflict thus precipitating the need for each to prove themselves in contests neither desire.  This is perhaps too optimistic a view of human nature. Apparently the ascendancy of one power is

Volatility is one of those quantities which has a very distinctive time series. If you are shown a volatility chart which was flipped upside down, you would immediately recognize the error. Volatility spikes and fades and repeats. When is the next spike? How big a spike is one looking for. The foregoing is just observation

The South China Sea is recognized as Chinese territory. Disputing countries to give up their claims of sovereignty over disputed areas. Neighbouring countries, Taiwan, Japan, Philippines and Vietnam are offered 999 year leases over their claimed territories for nominal payment with defined renewal terms. The intent is to provide free access and de facto sovereignty to